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The new economy is the result of the transition from a manufacturing-based economy to a service-based economy. This particular use of the term was popular during the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s. The high growth, low inflation and high employment of this period led to overly optimistic predictions and many flawed business plans.〔(Mystery Solved ). ''Newsweek'', Jan 28, 2001.〕〔(Top 10 Buzzwords ). By Kent German. A (CNET ) article (2001) joking at the "new economy" beliefs.〕〔(The New Economy Was a Myth, Right? Wrong. ) By James Surowiecki. (Wired ) article on the aftermath of the (bubble ) criticizing the new economy critics.〕 ==Origins== A 1983 cover article in ''Time magazine'', "The New Economy", described the transition from heavy industry to a new technology based economy.〔(The New Economy ) By Charles P. Alexander Monday. ''Time'' magazine, May 30, 1983.〕 By 1997 ''Newsweek'' was referring to the "new economy" in many of its articles.〔(''Newsweek'' / ''The Daily Beast''. )〕 After a nearly 25-year period of unprecedented growth, the United States experienced a much discussed economic slowdown beginning in 1972. However, around 1995, U.S. economic growth accelerated, driven by faster productivity growth. From 1972 to 1995, the growth rate of output per hour, a measure of labor productivity, had only averaged around one-percent per year. But by the mid '90s, growth became much faster: 2.65 percent from 1995–1999.〔Gordon, Robert J. (2000), "Interpreting the 'One Big Wave' in U.S. Long-term Productivity Growth," ''Productivity, Technology and Economic Growth,'' v. 1.〕 America also experienced increased employment and decreasing inflation. The economist Robert J. Gordon referred to this as a Goldilocks economy-the result of five positive "shocks" – "the two traditional shocks (food-energy and imports) and the three new shocks (computers, medical care, and measurement)"〔(Foundations of the Goldilocks Economy: Supply Shocks and the Time-Varying NAIRU ). By Robert J. Gordon. Northwestern University and NBER. February 3, 1999 revision of the paper presented at Brookings Panel on Economic Activity, Washington, D.C., September 4, 1998.〕 Other economists pointed to the ripening benefits of the computer age, being realized after a delay much like that associated to the delayed benefits of electricity shortly after the turn of the twentieth century. Gordon contended in 2000 that the benefits of computers were marginal or even negative for the majority of firms, with their benefits being consolidated in the computer hardware and durable goods manufacturing sectors, which only represent a relatively small segment of the economy. His method relied on applying considerably sized gains in the business cycle to explain aggregate productivity growth.〔Gordon, Robert J. (2000), "Does the 'New Economy' Measure up to the Great Inventions of the Past?," ''The Journal of Economic Perspectives,'' v. 14, pp. 49–74.〕 According to another point of view, the "new economy" is a current Kondratiev wave which will end after a 50-year period in the 2040s. Its innovative basis includes Internet, nanotechnologies, telematics and bionics.〔 (On the way of the "New economy": conceptions of Russia’s innovational evolution / “The State and The Society” ). By Ashot Grigoryan. International conference, Moscow, 2005, p. 82-85.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「new economy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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